As a result, substances like HCl must be neutralized before disposing of it. Ferroptosis as a p53-mediated activity during tumour suppression. 6. To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. I've been searching around the web and the consensus seems to be sodium salicylate dissolves poorly in HCl because it would form salicylic acid. Values are relative to the cells cultured in normoxic condition (20% O2), set at 1.0. d, Viability of control, SEPHS2, GPX4, and SEPSECS deficient MDAMB231 cells under nutrient starved conditions (10% growth media) for 48hr. A.E.C. Ch 5 HW Flashcards | Quizlet Publishers note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Lets proceed into the kitchen and ask the chef what two ingredients they couldnt do without. Sato, H. et al. Extracellular thiol-assisted selenium uptake dependent on the x(c)- cystine transporter explains the cancer-specific cytotoxicity of selenite. Titration using a burette, to measure volumes of solution accurately, requires careful and organised methods of working, manipulative skills allied to mental concentration, and attention to detail. About Europe PMC; Preprints in Europe PMC For a,c,e, n=3 biological replicates; error bars are S.D. This colourless solid is prepared by the reaction of selenium with a solution of sodium in liquid ammonia at 40 C. For all panels, *p<0.05 (students two-tailed t test). Create your account. The left lower quadrant represents Annexin V negative and PI negative live cells. Internet Explorer). 280, 3742337429 (2005). top. The reaction was inhibited by mannitol, a hydroxyl radical quencher, but not by superoxide dismutase or catalase, strongly suggesting the involvement of hydroxyl radicals and ruling out participations of superoxide anions or hydrogen peroxide. Get unlimited access to over 88,000 lessons. assisted with human sample studies. Distinct effects of methylseleninic acid versus selenite on apoptosis, cell cycle, and protein kinase pathways in DU145 human prostate cancer cells. Under the microscope (if possible, a stereomicroscope is best) you can see the cubic nature of the crystals. Kim, J. Y. et al. Carlisle, A.E., Lee, N., Matthew-Onabanjo, A.N. 2. The pentahydrate Na2SeO3(H2O)5 is the most common water-soluble selenium compound. Catalysts are substances that speed up the pace (velocity) of a chemical reaction without being consumed or becoming part of the end product. Hydrochloric acid has a pH of 3 and is a component of stomach acid. Peroxidase-like activity of nanocrystalline cobalt selenide and its Chemical formula HCl. b, Validation of specificity of GPX4 antibody in CTRL and SEPHS2 KO MDAMB231 cell pellet block by immunohistochemistry. Any time we are working with acids and bases, we need to wear gloves, a lab coat, and safety glasses. the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in - Formula & Reactions, Using Ammonium Hydroxide & Sodium Hydroxide on Salts, Using Ammonium Hydroxide & Sodium Hydroxide on Metals & Metal Oxides, Role of Bacteria in Gastrointestinal Health, Fad Diets: Potential Dangers & Alternatives, Compaction in Geology: Definition & Examples, Allochthonous Material in Ecology: Definition & Impact, Sulfite: Uses, Formula, Side Effects & Allergy Symptoms, What is a Drought? In order to calculate how much sodium hydroxide to use, we need to know the molarity of the hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide. Sodium selenide reacts with acids to produce toxic hydrogen selenide gas. a, Selenoprotein immunoblots of MDAMB231 cells at 24hr recovery after 2hr sodium selenite treatment or treated with 2-selenocysteine-containing peptide for 24hr. Sodium Carbonate + Hydrochloric Acid - Na2CO3 + HCl - Molecular Salt solutions can be crystallised to produce solid salts. c, Cleaved caspase 3 (CC3) staining in MDAMB231 and U251cells following KO with guides against SEPHS2 at 10 days after viral transduction. C5.3 How are the amounts of chemicals in solution measured? Burettes with pinchcocks of any type are not recommended; while cheap, they also are prone to leakage, especially in the hands of student beginners. Mutually exclusive execution using std::atomic? For all panels, *p<0.05, **p<0.01, and ***p<0.001 (students two-tailed t test). Sodium hydroxide can be used to neutralize HCl. For instance, in a certain experiment there are 0.5M HCl and 0.1M NaOH. d, Map of wild type SEPHS2 and CRISPR resistant mutant SEPHS2_U60C. You have to decide if this experiment is suitable to use with different classes, and look at the need for preliminary training in using techniques involved in titration (see Teaching notes). h, Immunoblots of FSP1 in cancer cells transduced as indicated. Breast Cancer Res. You can't just dump it on the ground; the acid would soak into the soil, killing everything there. Cancer Cell 163, 506519 (2015). Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. A panel of metabolites that have documented toxic properties, and the downstream enzymes which use them as substrates, designated as detoxifiers, are listed. lessons in math, English, science, history, and more. We no further information about this chemical reactions. To calculate molarity, divide the number of moles by the volume. The reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide is below. Chem. ; Searle Scholars Program, Rita Allen Foundation, Whitehall Foundation, Smith Family Foundation, and NIH/NIA DP2 AG067490-01 to P.L.G; and R01 CA229910 to L.M.S. Chem. Alim, I. et al. Cancer Ther. Toxicol. For b, while trends can be seen, statistical comparisons were not carried out due to variability between cell lines. Sato, H., Tamba, M., Ishii, T. & Bannai, S. Cloning and expression of a plasma membrane cystine/glutamate exchange transporter composed of two distinct proteins. We can then simply determine the volume of base needed in order to have the same number of moles of hydroxide and hydrogen ions. (2017) GEPIA: a web server for cancer and normal gene expression profiling and interactive analyses. and D.K. Add the hydrochloric acid to the sodium hydroxide solution in small volumes, swirling gently after each addition. Human cystine/glutamate transporter: cDNA cloning and upregulation by oxidative stress in glioma cells. civil defense as a neutralizingsubstance; food industry to remove the skins from fruits and vegetables, in the manufacture of chocolate and cacao, and to soften olives and give them a darkcolor; cosmetics to remove keratinizedskin; ammonium. Structural insights into the catalytic mechanism of Escherichia coli selenophosphate synthetase. Now, lets acquaint ourselves with hydrochloricacid. A.E.C., N.L. For a,c,e and i, n=3 biological replicates; error bars are S.D. Sci. tartaric acid. Calculated pH values of common acids and bases for 1, 10, and 100 mmol/L (valid for standard conditions at 25, 1 atm; acidity constants are taken from here ): other reactions: Free software ( Example) Demo: Online pH-Calculator. HCl + NaOH = NaCl + HO + Q Hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide interact, resulting in salt and a release of heat. R.L., N.L., M.B.D. Despite the fact that the solid-state is yellow, the solution is colourless. To clarify, lets write our reaction equation in ionicform: In accordance with our story, the bride and groom have exchanged their personal property: whats mine is yours. What are the chemical and physical characteristic of H2Se (Sodium selenide; Selenodisodium; Disodio selenide)? Sodium hydroselenide can be made by reducing selenium with sodium borohydride: Alternatively it can be made from sodium ethoxide exposed to hydrogen selenide:[1]. That leaves the compound in question insoluble in the water after being protonated by $\ce{H^+}$ to form the insoluble acid molecule. 1, 10591066 (2002). It is not the intention here to do quantitative measurements leading to calculations. The right upper quadrant represents Annexin V positive and PI positive late dying/dead cells. Write a word equation and a symbol equation. 202 lessons The optional white tile is to go under the titration flask, but white paper can be used instead. Hydrochloric acid (HCl), a strong acid, is composed of a single hydrogen atom and a single chlorine atom bonded together covalently. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) mixed with hydrochloric acid (HCl), a simple acid base reaction, results in the formation of salt and water. Is it known that BQP is not contained within NP? Schecter, A., Shanske, W., Stenzler, A., Quintilian, H. & Steinberg, H. Acute hydrogen selenide inhalation. Condition Do not boil dry. Acta Bioenerg. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? Despite the aggression of the sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid, the reaction was a wonderful one. f, Scanned image of a polystyrene microplate cover with PVP spots embedded with silver nitrate or lead acetate. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. C5.3.6 describe and explain the procedure for a titration to give precise, accurate, valid and repeatable results, C4 Production of pure dry sample of an insoluble and soluble salt, In an acid-base titration, the concentration of the acid or base is determined by accurately measuring the volumes used in the neutralisation reaction. Sodium selenite is the inorganic compound with the formula Na2SeO3. c, Viability of U251 cells overexpressing vector or CAT treated with vehicle or H2O2 for 48hr. Use MathJax to format equations. J. Biol. Is it possible to create a concave light? PDF 4. CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL INFORMATION - Agency for Toxic Substances and Values are relative to cells cultured in 100% growth media, set at 1.0. c, Viability of control, SEPHS2, GPX4, and SEPSECS deficient MDAMB231 cells after being cultured in hypoxic condition (1% O2) for 48hr. pH was adjusted to 4 by addition of hydrochloric acid with constant stirring . 2.2. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) Sigma-Aldrich: Cat# 320331: Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) EMD Millipore: Cat# 324503: 2,3-diaminonapthalene-HCl (DAN) ChemSavers: HCl. What is the thermochemical equation for the combustion of benzene? All of these are of course desirable traits to be developed in students, but there has to be some degree of basic competence and reliability before using a burette with a class. This chemistry video explains how to write the balanced molecular equation and the net ionic equation of the reaction between Sodium Carbonate and Hydrochlor. [5], Sodium selenite has been proposed as an effective suicide agent. Values are relative to that of the same cells treated with vehicle (=1.0). Although, to be fair, we should note that only 1% of this water is suitable for consumption. designed the research. However, reaction of 1,3-butadiene with selenium oxide in the presence of concentrated HCl yielded 1,1,3,4-tetrachloroselanolane, which on dechlorination with K 2 S 2 O 5 produced 3,4-dichloroselenolane. To write a balanced chemical equation that describes this single replacement reaction, remember that, #overbrace("Na"_ ((s)) + "HCl"_ ((aq)))^(color(blue)("reactants")) -> overbrace("NaCl"_ ((aq)) + "H"_ (2(g)))^(color(darkgreen)("products"))# They then concentrate the solution and allow it to crystallise to produce sodium chloride crystals. Producing a neutral solution free of indicator, should take no more than 10 minutes. In order to calculate how much sodium hydroxide is needed to neutralize hydrochloric acid, the molarity of each must be known. Electronic configuration. To understand the full extent of the tragedy, lets get better acquainted with them and examine the nature of sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid. This salt is a colourless solid. The experiment is most likely to be suited to 1416 year old students. Sodium selenide - Wikiwand 19, 974983 (2002). KR870001937B1 - 7 3- , - Google Patents The reaction produces a harmless substance, salt water. These reactions typically take place between a strong acid and strong base. Molarity is equal to moles divided by volume. Biol. Slowly add HCl to cold water until it reaches a 1:10 dilution of acid to water. Ba2+Ba2+ and NO3NO3: Al3+Al3+ and CO32CO32: K+K+ and PO43PO43: Determine which ions are present in each of the compounds. https://orcid.org. Sodium selenide | Na2Se - PubChem In order to reach neutrality, we need to have the same number of moles of hydroxide (OH) as hydrogen ions (H). Nature 551, 247250 (2017). contact If your school still uses burettes with glass stopcocks, consult the CLEAPSS Laboratory Handbook, section 10.10.1, for their care and maintenance. The solution was stored over 7 days prior to use and filtered with a 0.45 m membrane filter (25CS045AN; Advantec). What is the purpose of this D-shaped ring at the base of the tongue on my hiking boots? What are the chemical and physical characteristic of NaCl (Sodium selenide; Selenodisodium; Disodio selenide)? When we mix hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide, we form sodium chloride (salt) and water. Chemical structures and PMID of references which document the toxicity of each metabolite as a compound are shown. In other words, the number of substances entering into the reaction is equal to the number of substances received as a result of the reaction. Physiol. assisted with mouse xenograft studies. [3], Together with the related barium and zinc selenites, sodium selenite is mainly used in the manufacture of colorless glass. In practice it does not matter if the end-point is overshot, even by several cubic centimetres, but the aim is to find the proportions for a roughly neutral solution. Selenium - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Synthesis of diselenides and selenides from elemental selenium With occasional checks, it should be possible to decide when to decant surplus solution from each dish to leave good crystals for the students to inspect in the following. Via a reaction between an acid and an alkali, we have turned the saddest of tragedies into a joyfulromance! For all panels, the measure of center is mean. As a result, when mixed with HCl (acid) it will react to form salt and water, both neutral substances. Laura has a Masters of Science in Food Science and Human Nutrition and has taught college Science. contracts here. Well, neutralizing hydrochloric acid is easier than you might think. Each product formed is harmless. 2, 401404 (2012). Ceramic gauzes can be used instead of pipeclay triangles, but the evaporation then takes longer. Proc. This is achieved by including the corresponding solid phase into the equilibrium calculation. Thank you for visiting nature.com. A.E.C. 94, 739777 (2014). Sign up for the Nature Briefing: Cancer newsletter what matters in cancer research, free to your inbox weekly. The easiest way is to take water (H2 O) and add salt (NaCl). Throwing HCl directly onto the liquid HCl will neutralize the strong acid. Stack Exchange network consists of 181 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. The evaporation and crystallisation stages may be incomplete in the lesson time. Alternative indicators you can use include screened methyl orange (green in alkali, violet in acid) and phenolphthalein (pink in alkali, colourless in acid). Xu, X. M. et al. Then, 20 mL of 0.15 M sodium . Extended Data Fig. 8 Reactive oxygen species production by excess selenium, and implications in SEPHS2 KO toxicity. Values are relative to the same cell lines expressing nontargeting guide (=1.0). 6H 2 O), sodium selenide (Na 2 SeO 3), hydrazine (N 2 H 4), hydrochloric acid (HCl), and nickel foam, which were purchased from Merck. Acidity of alcohols and basicity of amines. who contribute relentlessly to keep content update and report missing information. Information about your use of this website will be shared with Google and other third parties. Production and characterization of high-performance cobalt-nickel See all questions in Chemical Reactions and Equations. Sodium Sulfide - Structure, Properties, uses and Side effects - VEDANTU 274, 1145511458 (1999). This is a resource from thePractical Chemistry project, developed by the Nuffield Foundation and the Royal Society of Chemistry. wrote the manuscript with consultation from all of the authors. Open Access We thank O. Kwon for illustrations, and C. -C. Hsieh for assistance with statistics. i, Viabilities of noncancer (immortalized) and cancer lines following KO with guides against SEPHS1 (blue bars) for 9 days. Income form ads help us maintain content with highest quality Open Access Sodium selenide +1 compounds Selenium monochloride +4 compounds +4 compounds can exist in anions or cations . Details of features are provided in Methods. Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sodium_selenide&oldid=1063435895, Pages using collapsible list with both background and text-align in titlestyle, Articles containing unverified chemical infoboxes, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 3 January 2022, at 02:12. Spallholz, J. E. On the nature of selenium toxicity and carcinostatic activity. Give students the opportunity to conduct their own titration experiment on a computer or tablet. Explanation: The ideal environmental conditions for a reaction, such as temperature, pressure, catalysts, and solvent. Hydrochloric acid, a common substance used in the laboratory, cannot be disposed of by simply dumping it down the drain, as it is highly corrosive and will damage the pipes and destroy the sewage . f, Micrographs of serial human tumor sections stained with CD31 antibody and in situ hybridized with SEPHS2 RNA probe, showing vasculature. What follows here assumes that teachers have judged the class to be capable of doing this experiment using a burette with reasonable expectation of success. g, Immunoblots of GPX4 in cells transduced as indicated. Esterification & Reflux Purpose & Reaction | What is Reflux? Baking soda is also classified as a base. succeed. [1], Sodium hydroselenide is slightly reducing. Why is there a voltage on my HDMI and coaxial cables? and L.M.S. Values are relative to that of the same cells treated with vehicle (=1.0). Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sodium_hydroselenide&oldid=1108929754, Pages using collapsible list with both background and text-align in titlestyle, Articles containing unverified chemical infoboxes, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 7 September 2022, at 01:44. e, Total thiol quantification of 24hr conditioned media from control and SLC3A2 KO U251 cells. Nicole is a dedicated high school teacher with 16 years of experience in the classroom teaching AP Biology, biology, and integrated middle school science. (d and e) Micrographs of serial xenograft tumor sections stained with CA9, GPX4, KI67 antibodies and in situ hybridized with SEPHS2 RNA probe. J. Bacteriol. Nat Metab 2, 603611 (2020). Did any DOS compatibility layers exist for any UNIX-like systems before DOS started to become outmoded? The Se-O distances range from 1.67 to 1.72. With alkyl halides, one obtains a variety of organoselenium compounds : Na 2 Se + 2 RBr R 2 Se + 2 NaBr Sodium metal reacts with Hydrochloric acid to produce salt and Hydrogen Hanahan, D. & Weinberg, R. Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation. The toxicities of mixtures of 50 M sodium selenide plus 20 or 40 M metal ions were compared. Students should be able to: describe how to carry out titrations using strong acids and strong alkalis only (sulfuric, hydrochloric and nitric acids only) to find the reacting volumes accurately. Cell 156, 317331 (2014). Chemistry Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for scientists, academics, teachers, and students in the field of chemistry. PLoS One 8, e54353 (2013). For example, pure water is neutral (pH of 7). Chemical formula NaOH. One of the most exciting and ambitious home-chemistry educational projects, It looks like you are visiting our site from, The reaction of sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid. Extended Data Fig. This equation does not have any specific information about phenomenon. [7] In 2000, the U.S. Institute of Medicine set the adult Tolerable upper intake levels (UL) for selenium from all sources - food, drinking water and dietary supplements - at 400 g/day. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. Life there is every bit as rich and varied as in any other realm and sometimes even more so. This collection of over 200 practical activities demonstrates a wide range of chemical concepts and processes. Scale bar=100m. What are the chemical reactions that have HCl (hydrogen chloride) as reactant? For c,d n=3 independent experiments; error bars are S.D. To calculate molarity, divide the number of moles by the volume. National Center for Biotechnology Information. If we rearrange these elements, we can easily form H2 O and NaCl by combining the Na, from the NaOH, and the Cl, from the HCl, to form the salt (NaCl) and by combining the OH, from the NaOH, and the H, from the HCl, to form water (H2 O). Why must you use another 25 cm3of sodium hydroxide solution, rather than making your crystals from the solution in stage 1? b, ROS quantification of cells treated with indicated concentrations of sodium selenite or 2xselenocysteine containing peptide, 250M TBH, or 500M H2O2 for 45mins. Does ZnSO4 + H2 at high pressure reverses to Zn + H2SO4? This salt is a colourless solid. Olm, E. et al. An Efficient Method for Selective Syntheses of Sodium Selenide and Nuffield Foundation and the Royal Society of Chemistry. Observe chemical changes in this microscale experiment with a spooky twist. Next, calculate the volume of 0.1M NaOH that will have 0.25 moles of hydroxide ions: Therefore, it would take 2.5L of 0.1M NaOH to neutralize 500mL of 0.5M HCl. I feel like its a lifeline. Similarly, sodium selenide is readily oxidized to polyselenides, a conversion signaled by off-white samples. Article Or if any of the following reactant substances To safely neutralize an acid and base, it is imperative to wear proper protective equipment such as gloves, safety glasses, and lab coat to protect from splashes before beginning the neutralization process. To obtain In this experiment students neutralise sodium hydroxide with hydrochloric acid to produce the soluble salt sodium chloride in solution. Regulation of ferroptotic cancer cell death by GPX4. & Zhang, F. Improved vectors and genome-wide libraries for CRISPR screening. Chem. CAS Values are relative to the cell lines expressing nontargeting (CTRL) guide, set at 1.0. The pink color imparted by these selenites cancels out the green color imparted by iron impurities.[4]. sodium chloride, NaCl(aq) hydrogen gas, H2(g) This means that your reactants will be sodium metal and hydrochloric acid, since these are the substances that are being transformed to form salt and hydrogen gas. Periodicity: 5.12 - Electronic configuration, valency and formula - IB Chem This resource also includes a redox titration experiment. In order to properly dispose of acids, such as hydrochloric acid (a strong acid), we need to neutralize it by adding a base until its pH is neutral. a, A list of selenium transporter candidates examined in the focused screen, rationale for candidacy, and references. Titrating sodium hydroxide with hydrochloric acid | Experiment | RSC Pure HCl under ambient conditions is actually a gas (thus certainly not a pure liquid solvent). login, https://www.aqion.de/site/ph-of-common-acids, silicic acid (with SiO2(a) precipitation). Even Romeo and Juliet has a happy ending there. Plus, get practice tests, quizzes, and personalized coaching to help you Selenate - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics A solid white or slightly yellowish powder; hygroscopic; corrodes many materials and organic substances including paper, skin, and even some metal;, dissolves in water, ethyl and methylalcohols. Quia - Binary Ionic Compounds This should produce a white crystalline solid in one or two days. Formula of sodium selenide = Na 2 Se. By the physical state of substances, it is homogenous. Sodium hydroselenide dissolves in water or ethanol. sodium metal, Na(s) hydrochloric acid, HCl(aq) and two substances are produced salt, i.e. In one process charcoal is used as reductant. Sodium hydroselenide is a chemical compound, an inorganic salt; each unit consists of one sodium, one selenium, and one hydrogen atom. Use this practical to investigate how solutions of the halogens inhibit the growth of bacteria and which is most effective, The physics of restoration and conservation, RSC Yusuf Hamied Inspirational Science Programme, How to prepare for the Chemistry Olympiad, Read our standard health and safety guidance, Unit 1: Structures, Trends, Chemical Reactions, Quantitative Chemistry and Analysis, 1.8 Acids, bases and salts: Indicators and pH, 1.8.18 demonstrate knowledge and understanding of how pure dry samples of soluble salts can be prepared by: adding excess insoluble substances to acid; adding alkali to acid, or vice versa, in the presence of an indicator; and repeating without indicator, 8. You have just finished your experiment, written down the results, and now it's time to clean up. Extended Data Fig. But lets not get ahead of ourselves; weve got a lot to do. Yang, W. S. et al. In order to neutralize, there must be the same number of moles of hydroxide ions as hydrogen ions. These authors contributed equally: Anne E. Carlisle, Namgyu Lee. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. This experiment will not be successful if the burettes used have stiff, blocked or leaky stopcocks. Baking soda is often used to neutralize HCl in the event of a chemical spill. ISEB Common Entrance Exam at 13+ Science: Study Guide & Test Prep, Psychological Research & Experimental Design, All Teacher Certification Test Prep Courses, Calculations of Hydrochloric Acid and Sodium Hydroxide, Process of Neutralizing Hydrochloric Acid, Physical & Chemical Properties of Elements: Metals, Nonmetals & Metalloids, Neutralizing Solutions with Sodium Hydroxide, ISEB Common Entrance Exam at 13+ Science Flashcards, UExcel Anatomy & Physiology: Study Guide & Test Prep, UExcel Microbiology: Study Guide & Test Prep, Human Anatomy & Physiology: Help and Review, NY Regents Exam - Earth Science: Help and Review, NY Regents Exam - Chemistry: Tutoring Solution, NY Regents Exam - Living Environment: Tutoring Solution, NY Regents Exam - Physics: Tutoring Solution, SAT Subject Test Chemistry: Tutoring Solution, SAT Subject Test Physics: Tutoring Solution, What is Sodium Hydroxide? Exp. The crystallisation dishes need to be set aside for crystallisation to take place slowly. Delafiori, J., Ring, G. & Furey, A. 5.9C Carry out an accurate acid-alkali titration, using burette, pipette and a suitable indicator, 3.18 Describe how to carry out an acid-alkali titration, using burette, pipette and a suitable indicator, to prepare a pure, dry salt.