Thyroid cancer. /Metadata 39 0 R American Thyroid Association. Large thyroid nodules: should size alone matter. Ac., CYT, What to Know If You Have Hyperthyroidism and Want to Breastfeed, Hyperthyroidism: Signs and Symptoms of an Overactive Thyroid. Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. The maximum ablation area was aimed to be achieved while avoiding damage to adjacent critical structures. Results: American Thyroid Association. We are vaccinating all eligible patients. Echogenic Foci in Thyroid Nodules: Significance of Posterior Acoustic Artifacts. If you have a solid complex should have biopsy , fna a simple as Aspirin with syringe done in office. Decrease in thyroid autoantibodies after eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection. Reading C, Charboneau J, Hay I, Sebo T. Sonography of Thyroid Nodules: A "Classic Pattern" Diagnostic Approach. (2017). In contrast, other studies have shown that ultrasound features such as coarse calcifications, more tall than wide, irregular borders and increased blood flow within the nodule can be helpful to identify thyroid cancer. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our. Risk of thyroid cancer based on thyroid ultrasound imaging characteristics: results of a population-based study. Konrad P, Chojnacki J, Kaczka A, Pawowicz M, Rudnicki C, Chojnacki C. Ocena czynnoci tarczycy u osb z zespoem przerostu bakteryjnego jelita cienkiego [Thyroid dysfunction in patients with small intestinal bacterial overgrowth]. Collapsing Benign Cystic Nodules of the Thyroid Gland: (3) Amazon and the Amazon logo are trademarks of Amazon.com, Inc, or its affiliates. [16] For more about how to use probiotics, see our Probiotics Starter Guide. If its spread to nearby tissues, such as lymph nodes. Echogenic foci Current status of fine needle aspiration for thyroid nodules. 0000010795 00000 n Initial ablation radio predicting volume reduction from microwave Even though thyroid nodules are almost always noncancerous (benign), the small chance that it could be cancer means that most thyroid nodules need some type of evaluation. Both prospective and retrospective studies were included. 0000018261 00000 n WebA total of 49% of the nodules were between 1 to 1.9 cm, 27% between 2 to 2.9 cm, 14% between 3 to 3.9cm and 11% were greater than 4cm. JAMA Intern Med. Cystic thyroid nodules - UpToDate Thyroid nodules. Some authors suggest that hypoechoic, solid nodules larger than 1 to 1.5 cm with macrocalcifications should be biopsied and spongiform nodules and cysts need no biopsy. Malignancy risk of thyroid nodules with minimal cystic changes: a multicenter retrospective study. endobj Factors Influencing the Sample Adequacy of Ultrasound-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration from Solid Thyroid Nodules for Liquid-Based Cytology: A Demographic, Sonographic, and Technical Perspective. >> Surgery. This often indicates that a nodule is full of solid, rather than liquid, components. 0000020734 00000 n Kearns AE (expert opinion). 0000005181 00000 n MeSH In: Goldman-Cecil Medicine. Its best to consult your doctor for the treatment of a goiter. Its simple: Most people treated with RFA are back to their normal activities the next day with no problems. Cavallo A, Johnson DN, White MG, Siddiqui S, Antic T, Mathew M, Grogan RH, Angelos P, Kaplan EL, Cipriani NA. You're also likely to have another biopsy if the nodule grows larger. >}lB=C6 "vn(' ~ymuVaI>&{3r`F If you notice a bump on your thyroid, its important to see your healthcare provider. When more than 50% of the nodule is solid and the solid portion of the nodule is eccentric, the risk of malignancy is greater. eCollection 2022. The symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of thyroid nodules for children are the same as for adults (as detailed in the above sections). But even though the vast majority of thyroid nodules are benign, some thyroid nodules do contain thyroid cancer. Masks are required inside all of our care facilities. Parathyroid adenomas are also confounding nodules. Hot nodules are almost always noncancerous. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. LUwn{{702 dM 80 0 R >> 46 0 obj A thyroid ultrasound provides the best information about the shape (/C/o/l/a/p/s/i/n/g/B/e/y/t/c/N/d/u/f/h/T/r/G/colon/S/D/m/P/H/M/one/two/f\ 0000050067 00000 n Ross DS. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000008689. 2006;40:223-38. doi: 10.1016/j.yasu.2006.06.003. 0000020220 00000 n /CharSet (/O/R/I/G/N/A/L/E/S/C/H) /H [ 1713 322 ] Epub 2012 Oct 18. The incidental thyroid nodule. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies Treatment for hyperthyroidism usually resolves it. The aim of this study was to assess Biopsy of Thyroid Nodules THE FULL ARTICLE TITLE: Follow-up of atypia and follicular lesions of undetermined significance in thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology. 0000018679 00000 n A total of 704 nodules had echogenic foci; 246 did not. /StemH 140 Some patients are good candidates for a scarless thyroid procedure, where the surgeon reaches the thyroid through an incision made on the inside of your lower lip. `Cw_{^ Solid. SUBCENTIMETER SOLID THYROID ISTHMIC NODULE. << Some medications are safe, but you may have to pump and dump during other tests and treatments. Become a Gold Supporter and see no third-party ads. In other cases, the nodules can get big enough to cause problems. Karabacak U, Derebey M, Tarim IA, Polat AK. Thyroid nodules are detected by ultrasonography in up to 68% of healthy patients. Disclaimer. 0000030770 00000 n Learn the symptoms and your treatment, Its crucial that you get treatment if you have hyperthyroidism. Complex nodules are common. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! 0000028177 00000 n But your doctor will also want to know if your thyroid is functioning properly. << 0000051727 00000 n Check for errors and try again. Thyroid fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB): Change In Thyroid Nodule Volume Calculator, Find an Endocrinology Thyroid Specialist, http://www.thyroid.org/cancer-of-the-thyroid-gland, http://www.thyroid.org/what-are-thyroid-nodules, Clinical Thyroidology for the Public (CTFP). Lee YJ, Kim JY, Na DG, Kim JH, Oh M, Kim DB, Yoon RG, Kim SK, Bak S. Ultrasonography. If you smoke cigarettes, try to quit. Saccharomyces boulardii and infection due to Giardia lamblia. Learn about potential causes of thyroid nodules, from benign tissue overgrowth to. Microcalcifications: Small flecks of calcium within a thyroid nodule, usually seen as small bright spots on ultrasonography. Most thyroid nodules arent serious. Learn about what we offer at our center. By group, the malignancy rate was 2.2% (2/93) in group 1, 7.4% (16/216) in group 2, and 0% (0/26) in group 3. Your thyroid specialist will help determine the correct amount to take because it may require more than hormone replacement to manage your cancer risk. @ qTzlyA{jT=$uRAp?B!I$kL1?~U9_Kj3' 4&`m3j2lqcSp~*j1wa: SRBAZ5C D6zQ S Accessibility If youre interested in learning more about these products, please click here. Find Your Ideal Thyroid Medication in 4 Simple Steps, Elemental Heal (Gut Healing Meal Replacements), early warning signs of hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism, A Positive Thyroglobulin Test May Not Be What You Think, High TSH Levels and Fertility: What You Need to Know, What You Should Know About High TSH Levels and Pregnancy, Why Your Oral Microbiome is Just as Important as Your Gut Microbiome. Radiographics. startxref Ultrasound is also frequently used to guide the needle into a nodule during a thyroid nodule biopsy. If small nodules are less than 1 cm or filled with fluid, they are almost always benign. WebNodules were also classified into four parenchymal patterns: hypoechoic, hyperechoic, > 50% solid, and cystic. In the past, it was standard to remove a majority of thyroid tissue a procedure called near-total thyroidectomy. They may run some tests to make sure its benign. Thyroid nodules even the occasional cancerous ones are treatable. /ExtGState << /GS2 84 0 R >> Epub 2022 Jun 10. http://www.thyroid.org/thyroid-nodules/. 1995 Dec;118(6):996-1003; discussion 1003-4. A newer alternative that the doctor can use to treat benign nodules in an office setting is called radiofrequency ablation (RFA). Have your thyroid. Its simply a sign that your doctor may need to do additional testing, such as a biopsy. If youve been diagnosed with a thyroid nodule, its normal to feel anxious. Katagiri R, Yuan X, Kobayashi S, Sasaki S. Effect of excess iodine intake on thyroid diseases in different populations: A systematic review and meta-analyses including observational studies. Cystic (fluid-filled). 2013 Dec;24(6):385-90. doi: 10.1111/cyt.12021. Image-guided Thermal Ablation as a Promising Approach to Both >> 42 0 obj After a thyroid surgery, you'll need lifelong treatment with levothyroxine to supply your body with thyroid hormone. See below for individual systems. Near-total thyroidectomy may be used depending on the extent of the disease. Thyroid nodules are less common in children. WebIn fact, the American thyroid association (ATA) Guidelines state that while all solid nodules larger than 1 cm should undergo FNAB, mixed cystic-solid nodules should be biopsied only when size is larger than 1.5 or 2.0 cm in the presence of suspicious US findings, or when size is above 2.0 cm if no suspicious US findings are present. Hypothyroidism. The false negative rate of benign cytology was 10.4 %, and the absence of suspicious US features did not reliably exclude malignancy. At minimum, thyroid lobectomy should be strongly considered for all nodules 4 cm. This is a preview of subscription content, log in to check access. Increased levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (a. Clinical efficacy of Saccharomyces boulardii or metronidazole in symptomatic children with Blastocystis hominis infection. Treatment depends on the type of thyroid nodule you have. He or she will also check for signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism, such as a slow heartbeat, dry skin and facial swelling. Thyroid cancer: http://www.thyroid.org/cancer-of-the-thyroid-gland, Thyroid Nodules: http://www.thyroid.org/what-are-thyroid-nodules, Table of Contents | PDF File for Saving and Printing. However, its still important to see your healthcare provider if you notice a lump on your thyroid (in the front of your neck). /XHeight 505 Nodules are different from an enlarged thyroid, also called a goiter, but the two conditions do sometimes coexist in the case of a nodular goiter. Some health care providers recommend iodine supplementation to support thyroid health, sometimes in very high doses. 2. The thyroid gland. Wong KT, et al. Acta Endocrinol (Buchar). The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). WebIn a study of 3483, nodules measuring >10 mm in the largest dimension (found during physical exams or after discovering an incidental nodule on imaging), the prevalence of MLKAu >i?=w[pSwBwT-f~).^6o@*evP DOI: cancer.org/cancer/thyroid-cancer/about/what-is-thyroid-cancer.html, sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/echogenicity, mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/thyroid-nodules/symptoms-causes/syc-20355262, thyroid.org/wp-content/uploads/publications/ctfp/volume7/issue1/ct_public_v71_6_7.pdf, nibib.nih.gov/science-education/science-topics/ultrasound, What You Should Know About Thyroid Nodules, Most Benign Thyroid Nodules Remain Noncancerous, Even If They Grow. 0000002035 00000 n lymph nodes with cystic change are highly suspicious; loss of normal fatty hilum, irregular node appearance; increased color Doppler flow is suspicious; no threshold /PageMode /UseNone This site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: verify here. Risk of thyroid cancer based on thyroid ultrasound findings. But even larger thyroid nodules are treatable, sometimes even without surgery. 17 Thus, this may seem to indicate that not only it is unusual for a thyroid carcinoma to have a partially cystic sonographic appearance, but the risk of malignancy, in partially cystic nodule, may be low. What Are Healthy Levels for Thyroid Antibodies? Thyroid nodules that had the highest probability of malignancy were those that were large (3 cm or larger), cystic/solid, or large and cystic/solid. >> Make a donation. Elselvier; 2018. https://www.clinicalkey.com. 93 0 obj Navigating the Debate on Managing Large (4cm) Thyroid Nodules. Microcalcifications were found in 38% of cancerous nodules and only in 5% of benign, non-cancerous nodules. Diagnostic performance of six ultrasound-based risk stratification systems in thyroid follicular neoplasm: A retrospective multi-center study. If you use iodized table salt, youre likely consuming enough. /Parent 35 0 R Accessed Oct. 31, 2019. Bugdaci MS, Zuhur SS, Sokmen M, Toksoy B, Bayraktar B, Altuntas Y. By making a few targeted diet and lifestyle changes, including focusing on your gut health and optimizing your iodine levels, you can likely reduce the size of your thyroid nodules (and your worry). There is no relationship here. Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. Keep in mind that, while hypoechoic nodules are more likely to be cancerous, echogenicity itself isnt a reliable predictor of thyroid cancer. [Epub ahead of print]. << Even though most thyroid nodules arent cancer, they can sometimes be a sign of and/or cause thyroid disease. Fu Y, Sun Y, Pei Q, Han X, Qin W, Mei F, Tan S, Cui L. Medicina (Kaunas). Although widespread use of ultrasonography (US) has exponentially increased thyroid nodule detection to about 19.067.0%, malignancy is found in only about 9.015.0% of nodules evaluated using fine-needle aspiration (FNA) [1,2,3].To minimize potential harm from overuse of FNA, the Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TIRADS) was 40 0 obj %PDF-1.4 A common treatment for cancerous nodules is surgical removal. American Thyroid Association. Kerry Boyle D.Ac., M.S., L.Ac., Dipl. 0000045951 00000 n If the doctor recommends removal of your thyroid (thyroidectomy), you may not even have to worry about a scar on your neck. WebThyroid nodules are classified as: Solitary (a single nodule). 2018; doi:10.3322/caac.21447. /Pages 35 0 R Thyroid nodules are extremely common. Solid nodules in your thyroid are more likely to be malignant than fluid-filled nodules, but theyre still rarely cancerous. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Sonographic appearances of hobnail papillary thyroid carcinoma: A case report of a rare tumour. Background: Ultrasound uses soundwaves to create a picture of the structure of the thyroid gland and accurately identify and characterize nodules within the thyroid. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. xc```c``i Bl,;wO2[A$DM'E._4kPI}i.n_8m^GR_j5 =z,&lkxhr?s(R|wBA;ami+>=PV|X'4kK\K RE[ /Descent -190 40 55 Based on the findings at surgery, 13% of the nodules were cancers and of these, papillary thyroid cancer was the most common type (86%). Learn more: Vaccines, Boosters & Additional Doses | Testing | Patient Care | Visitor Guidelines | Coronavirus. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Epub 2022 May 4. Dr. Michael Ruscio, DC. High-resolution ultrasonography (US) is commonly used to evaluate the thyroid gland, but US is frequently misperceived as unhelpful for identifying features that distinguish benign from malignant nodules. Dinleyici EC, Eren M, Dogan N, Reyhanioglu S, Yargic ZA, Vandenplas Y. This article contains scientific references. Connect with a U.S. board-certified doctor by text or video anytime, anywhere. All rights reserved. When it comes to thyroid nodules, the size matters quite a bit. Studies have shown time and time again that larger thyroid nodules tend to turn into thyroid cancer at a higher rate compared to smaller thyroid nodules. The magic number in terms of size is 1 cm or 10mm. But size isn't the only thing that matters. endobj 611 556 611 556 556 500 611 556 889 556 556 500 278 250 278 500 500 278 500 Doctors typically provide answers within 24 hours. WebComprehensive summary of TIRADS for reporting thyroid nodules on ultrasound for Radiologists and Sonographers ! 2022 Jan 30;14(3):717. doi: 10.3390/cancers14030717. Patients usually return home or to work after the biopsy without any ill effects. About 5% of partially cystic nodules in our series were malignant. Accessed Oct. 31, 2019. Need help or would like to learn more? There were more malignancies in group 2 than the other groups (p = 0.040). 2016 Jan;154(1):46-51. doi: 10.1177/0194599815605326. Sometimes, your doctor detects a thyroid nodule when you have an imaging test, such as an ultrasound, CT or MRI scan, to evaluate another condition in your head or neck. Find more COVID-19 testing locations on Maryland.gov. In some cases, nodules that take up less of the isotope called cold nodules are cancerous. /StemV 141 In fact, you may be able to resolve your thyroid nodules with simple treatment and lifestyle options. is this high chance of malignant? 0000013675 00000 n Thyroid nodules: When to biopsy APPLIED RADIOLOGY Does a solid 1.1 cm thyroid nodule need to be biopsy? Check out these best-sellers and special offers on books and newsletters from Mayo Clinic Press. Krysiak R, Szkrbka W, Okopie B. Written by Dr. Michael Ruscio, DC on /Descent -217 Multiple (more than one nodule). If your doctor finds a nodule in your thyroid, its a sign of an underlying health condition that deserves attention. Ultrasound imaging reveals that 20% to 76% of adults have thyroid nodules. Epub 2017 Feb 3. For potential or actual medical emergencies, immediately call 911 or your local emergency service. Unable to process the form. /Subtype /Type1 Our Disclaimer and Privacy Policy. Thyroid Nodules 7. There are few studies regarding the reliability of Accessed Nov. 7, 2019. If small nodules are less than 1 cm or filled with fluid, /Flags 262176 /CharSet The risk of cancer increased with the size of nodule. (Iodine is necessary for your thyroid gland to make hormones.). /PageLabels 37 0 R PMC /Ascent 722 Your doctor then sends the samples to a laboratory to have them analyzed under a microscope. Nodules can form for various reasons, and there are different types, including: Sometimes you can feel or see a thyroid nodule yourself, or your healthcare provider may discover it during a physical exam. My husband has been diagnosed with thyroid nodules which are solid and have micro calcifications. and transmitted securely. You can usually breastfeed if you have hyperthyroidism. Thyroid nodules that is complex and solid nodule. However, you may wonder if theres a hyperthyroidism diet that can support treatment, Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Accessed Oct. 31, 2019. /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] 0000000017 00000 n Echogenic Foci in Thyroid Nodules: Significance of official website and that any information you provide is encrypted In addition to this, PEF increased the malignancy risk by35.3%, in solid nodules and an approximate risk of 10%, in mixed nodules. 0000048374 00000 n @'WUsUi: lc.e&o[lvqfj ^#y-j^ho:J[}>Et#e'l7ipK5Gi?AG1(-aXy|Qo`E5cScJ?3`f9zp?=D1-8o|iW)"# f OdOf~KuAkE'd8~ The echogenicity of the nodule was compared with that of the surrounding parenchyma and was classified as hypoechogenic, isoechogenic, or hyperechogenic. Get prescriptions or refills through a video chat, if the doctor feels the prescriptions are medically appropriate. 8600 Rockville Pike Educational text answers on HealthTap are not intended for individual diagnosis, treatment or prescription. Cancers (Basel). Medicine (Baltimore). 6. 2014;203(6):1310-6. WebMixed cystic and solid hypoechoic 1.3 x 1.3 x 0.7 cm nodule with punctate echogenic foci mid left thyroid TR 4. Multiple criteria exist from societies in different subspecialties and biopsy thresholds vary among institutions. thyroid nodule Autopsy studies reveal the presence of thyroid nodules in 50% of the WebOBJECTIVE: Our research sought to investigate the relationship between initial ablation ratio (IAR) and internal composition of benign thyroid nodules treated by microwave ablation (MWA). Thyroid Nodules in Children and Adolescents. Kitahara CM, et al. We do not endorse non-Cleveland Clinic products or services. Partially cystic thyroid nodules in ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration: Prevalence of thyroid carcinoma and ultrasound features. /Ascent 722 Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. endstream Background: Thyroid nodules are very common and a large portion are mixed echoic, with both solid and cystic areas. Hormone Health Network. 2016 Nov;26(11):1645. doi: 10.1089/thy.2016.0389. Complex Impact of Microcalcifications on Risk of Malignancy in Thyroid Nodules with Indeterminate or Benign Cytology. The prognosis for cancerous (malignant) thyroid nodules varies greatly depending on several factors, including: If you have thyroid cancer, your healthcare provider will be able to give you a more accurate prognosis. The .gov means its official. Autonomously functioning thyroid nodules (AFTN) account for 5%-10% of thyroid nodules, For nodules with mixed composition, the cystic fluid would be aspirated first, while for solid nodules, ablation was performed directly. In some studies, a nodule is called a cyst only if it is predominantly cystic on ultrasonography, but in others, the term is applied to nodules that have any areas of cystic degeneration, which may include up to 50 percent of thyroid nodules. False negative cytology in large thyroid nodules. why would a cystic thyroid nodule turn solid into a solid thyroid nodule? /MediaBox [ 9 9 594 792 ] Risks of thyroid surgery include damage to the nerve that controls your vocal cords and damage to your parathyroid glands four tiny glands located on the back of your thyroid that help control your body's levels of minerals, such as calcium. /CapHeight 722 Your healthcare provider may order any of the following tests to help diagnose and evaluate a thyroid nodule: Treatment depends on the type of thyroid nodule. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the Get useful, helpful and relevant health + wellness information. Cystic thyroid nodules as detected by thyroid sonography and thyroid surgery are common. << Thyroid nodules. /Subtype /Type1C Bertalot G, Montresor G, Tampieri M, et al. Eighteen of the nodules were malignant and 317 were benign, yielding a malignancy rate of 5.4%. The role of Helicobacter pylori in patients with hypothyroidism in whom could not be achieved normal thyrotropin levels despite treatment with high doses of thyroxine [published correction appears in Helicobacter. Studies have shown that people who take oral birth control and/or statins may have a reduced risk of developing thyroid nodules. By using our website, you consent to our use of cookies. Your doctor will also look for signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism, such as tremor, overly active reflexes, and a rapid or irregular heartbeat. Kellerman RD, et al. Thyroid nodule differential diagnosis 0000027456 00000 n 0000011094 00000 n 0000046197 00000 n Epub 2022 Sep 23. Would you like email updates of new search results? /CapHeight 722 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44195 |, Important Updates + Notice of Vendor Data Event, (http://www.thyroid.org/wp-content/uploads/patients/brochures/Nodules_brochure.pdf). Virili C, Bassotti G, Santaguida MG, et al. /Filter /FlateDecode 2016; doi:10.1038/nrendo.2016.110. There is a need to do needle. /FontName /NOLLBA+Univers-Black WebLarge, cystic/solid, and thyroid nodules with both characteristics had false-negative rates of 17%, 25%, and 30%, respectively, compared with 0%, 9%, and 17% for small (less than 3 Hindawi The extra thyroxine can cause too much thyroid hormone to be produced (hyperthyroidism), leading to symptoms such as: If you have a thyroid nodule, your doctor or endocrinologist may follow up with blood tests to check your thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels for hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism. Steinmetz-Wood SN, Kennedy AG, Tompkins BJ, Gilbert MP. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. HTQmL[euR@+:6AT&&D5M} dCpe,A2gdXvn95ysN<4G4-2]r 'hA/]88d*O-w6l {ly4ZZKrfsy^g'Z67o=.dp5N+_ms8=-OWfHkt6fq ESZOQ(*3(-MT" OQ#,7q"ML Ra-YYd@ue$31E*C6lO28'f{l$6]rB5ivYLPiE:uOfJnqE?Tm|A5}[UKSrDA5f x;E%>!#a l' Cellini M, Santaguida MG, Virili C, et al. (2014). Besirbellioglu BA, Ulcay A, Can M, et al. Explore Mayo Clinic studies testing new treatments, interventions and tests as a means to prevent, detect, treat or manage this condition. Theyre common, almost always noncancerous (benign) and usually don't cause symptoms. If a thyroid nodule isn't cancerous, treatment options include: Watchful waiting. Understanding the risks and harms of management of incidental thyroid nodules: A review. The majority of thyroid nodules are benign, dont cause symptoms, and dont require surgery.
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